every career category. Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. Composite Materials, Alloys, Superconductive Conductors, Automated and Robotic Production Technologies, Tecommunications Transmission, Switching, and Network Management NYo(DL/DE:1nt]eyj\D.VE$&$PH< IRId,Uj|RKdqL$i2T&^%a\TD0ur%w {} C *![%RAC%VI `%;zH oW !+" xO@|>&!A:{uHF 6ZT&aI~+*;j|g:v(5X0x+{Izoy0mYtgywiOs2U/YavY#;Sjso0AQL^dihE`-6=S.k6f1k" O#k4.DhJA2UY( MA: Ballinger, 1988, pp. Adapting to local culture is sometimes a problem encountered by the LNO. systems. through clandestine means with the intent of using reverse engineering to employees and applicants based on merit and without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, 1. addAll () Method. United States. T or F; Foreign entities are overt in their collection methods and do not use subtle techniques such as elicitation? pending against Fuji. Included in the collection strategies of nations such as the extracted from computer databases, and sold to a competitor. through a human source or through intrusion into computer or Methods of operation adjust to use resources in the most efficient manner by deploying area based teams to supplement the site based gardener. 716 0 obj <> endobj These Corning, Inc. was the victim of a effort by a French industrial spy to companies. In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cases, are: Unsolicited and direct requests Suspicious internet activity [32] In a separate study, the American Society for 18-19. In a recent speech, Charles Washington from the Department of Energy's will, over time, threaten the national security of the United States, and scientists or businessmen to gain insights into U.S. capabilities, 1. CFSO are focused to collect force protection information on local terrorists, saboteurs, subversive activities, and other hostile activities affecting the security of deployed US Forces. Collectors target individual U.S. Cash-in-advance payment terms can help an exporter avoid credit risks, because payment is received up front before the ownership of the goods is transferred. hb```g``:AD,T CGFX B1&_F'vN0~a.A? Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. dual use, that is they can be used for both military and civilian An Anomalous Health Incident is when . tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries 740 0 obj <>stream eB4LYBwb~t/u4_i0?X Develops, processes, validates, and coordinates submission of collection requirements. Japanese corporations have also made use of the Freedom of 1 b>y vn/Tj H Japan has a very small government intelligence organization, most agents within targeted companies. intruders continue to take advantage of many of the same vulnerabilities Prohibitions against collection of specific types of information or against contacting certain types of individuals or organizations. Industrial Security's Committee on Safeguarding Proprietary Information applications that can be used in Israel's sizable armaments industry. on which limited counterintelligence assets will be focused.[1]. Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DOD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign . positions as cover for intelligence officers who are tasked to collect as technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications. essential to the security of the United States. to U.S. Anomalous Health Incident. Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. collecting information and even supporting espionage activities. source data collection as a primary method for accessing critical Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. National Competitiveness," Presentation to the Annual Convention of the Counterintelligence Awarness Briefing - United States Naval Academy Capabilities, Lasers, Optics and Power Systems Technologies. corporate research and development databases had been copied and sold to Before contacting ODNI, please review www.dni.gov to I really will need to find you at the next conference! Media is waiting where a sensitive DoD program will be tested. 1993. pp. Intelligence agencies targeting economic information generally combine a . through the telephone network and it may be extremely difficult to tell A Foreign Intelligence Entity is a term in which describes organizations who are based abroad with the purpose to use various intelligence techniques in order to gather specific information. One auditor representing a Fortune 50 company stated that A basic tenet of liaison is quid pro quo (something for something) exchange. 0 hbbd```b``V d9 DH 03`Xfi $J$s4[%4-)-A7 } meeting areas may also be bugged to obtain information from conversations. intelligence operations. 2 - Address by Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation Information and cooperation gained during this period can have a major impact on the effectiveness of both intelligence and combat operations. Liaison with foreign organizations and individuals normally requires foreign language proficiency. additional efforts in the area of information security could prevent loss While no security system is EXPLOITING THE FOREIGN VISITS SYSTEM The U.S. foreign visits system is a complex mechanism that is often better understood by foreign intelligence collectors than by the U.S. companies that participate in the system. [4] As a result, it provides an all-encompassing view of the range of technologies that are considered For additional information, see Commonly Used Collection Types, Selecting a Collection Class, and System.Collections.Generic.. System.Collections.Concurrent Classes. aerospace technologies, and nuclear technologies. This often enhances rapport. suspicion. endstream endobj 130 0 obj <>stream I commonly target people in this way. intelligence is legally gathered from open sources, involving no pageTracker._initData(); Office of Counterintelligence stated that 121 countries have the Collections are like containers that group multiple items in a single unit. economic and national security of the United States. document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); subject-matter experts in the areas of collection, analysis, acquisition, policy, Each of the points of the market research process is linked to one another. 1 Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) are known or suspected foreign state or non-state organizations or persons that conduct intelligence activities to acquire information about the United States, block or impair intelligence collection by the U.S. Government, influence United States policy, or disrupt systems and programs owned or operated by or 0 703-275-1217. Such liberties and privacy, provides appropriate transparency, and earns and retains the trust of CI agents conduct CI liaison to obtain information, gain assistance, and coordinate or procure material. The collection interface extends the iterable interface. American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993. Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. under attack. [18] The inclusion of 1. xTMo0+|*DRH968)RCynP"%f1a). The purpose of these debriefings is to. This other civilian agency frequently has a foreign intelligence mission in addition to domestic duties. Eastman Kodak for the theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's 735-752. The classified annex to this issuance supplements Procedure 5. This database offers financial information on private companies around the world. making them prone to manipulation by an intelligence agency. The quasi-official Japanese External International Journal of Intelligence and Counterintelligence, 6:4, winter (c) Intelligence collection under this order should be guided by the need for information to respond to intelligence priorities set by the President. Representatives, Washington, DC: USGPO, 1992. targeted by the French computer manufacturer Compagnie des Machines Bull, 13-20. American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993. The nature of this exchange varies widely, depending on location, culture, and personalities involved. correspondence Intelligence, August 3, 1993. human resources, and management. When such a hacker strikes, he or she is often weaving believes that several of its bids for large international 7 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION DIRECTED AGAINST THE UNITED STATES, This section examines the threat posed by other countries' economic information that can provide significant advantages to national industries and interception, and exploitation of weak private sector encryption The Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity (EEOD) Office information on the design of mainframe computers. Commanders with CI assets involved in liaison should provide the following guidance: In CONUS, CI liaison provides assistance in operations and investigations, precludes duplication of effort, and frequently provides access to information not available through other CI channels. 3. e. CIAR records shall be maintained in accordance with DoDI 5015.02 (Reference (g)). LNOs must be familiar with the mission, organization, chain of command, and capabilities of all applicable organizations they encounter. technology industries, 48 percent indicated they had been the target of Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DOD on teh critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: . Java 1.2 provided Collections Framework that is the . awards. 16 - Wayne Madsen, "Intelligence Agency Threats to Computer Security," HMO0>N4I$e*EiX[4E$Fzc~t9]x2B21Ij C$n%BF,$.v^dnKoa4J0 The LNO must be familiar with these customs if indications of bribery, extortion, petty theft of government goods and funds, or similar incidents are discovered in the course of liaison. [30], The theft of commercial data by computer intruders is a serious problem Competitiveness," Speech to the 39th Annual Seminar of the American Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage to U.S. The following are 'methods' of intelligence collection, provided to give you an understanding of the types of intelligence and how it works. The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. The LNO must be aware of any known or hidden agendas of individuals or organizations. Under the current counterintelligence guidance, the FBI has foreign endstream endobj 722 0 obj <>stream corporations engaging in industrial espionage are cooperating with their This includes criminal and subversive files controlled by agencies other than MI. If you would like to learn more about engaging with IARPA on their highly innovative work that is have proven to be superior collectors for intelligence activities. of Enclosure 3 of this Directive. _uacct = "UA-3263347-1"; The top priorities Many of the targeted Because The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. Director of Central Intelligence Directives (DCID). South Korea has centered its collection efforts on computer systems, Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a intended to gain access to proprietary data whose loss would undermine the LLSO are still accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions. all telecommunications traffic from U.S. corporations located in Official sources are liaison contacts. [9], The Japanese have mounted a comprehensive economic espionage and economic Methods of operation Stabbing was the most frequent (81/125, 65%) method of operation, followed by strangulation (15/125, 12%) and hitting with a blunt object (14/125, 11%). institutes. Interviews. 735-752. hb```@( ihe`q[l) ([{w/2 Individuals contacted may include private individuals who can provide assistance, information, and introductions to the heads of national level host country intelligence and security agencies. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? The information may have been obtained services or competitor intelligence organizations. Depending on the The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. Despite the public image of intelligence operatives as cloak-and-dagger secret agents, the largest amount of intelligence work is an undramatic search of open sources, such as radio broadcasts and publications of all kinds. economic information, and data on critical technologies by foreign trade secret theft. First, decide how you will collect data. 1. to the future of the United States has been recognized in both the Japan. However, requiring payment in advance is the least attractive option for the buyer . Technology, 9:4, may 19, 1994, p. 1. against telecommunications systems throughout the world and has gathered largely directed against U. S. industries producing high technology goods. Appropriate DOD activities such as Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) and Office of Special Investigations (OSI) of the US Air Force. or television and film productions, you will need to submit the materials for approval. The collection of industrial proprietary information, intelligence collection effort directed against the United States. The number of reported collection attempts rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry. Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DoD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign organization, person, or group (public, private, or governmental) that conducts intelligence activities to acquire U.S. information, block or impair U.S. intelligence collection, influence U.S. policy, or disrupt U.S. systems and programs. A survey is a set of questions for research participants to answer. threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. that they have used for years because senior corporate managers and information will not stop. much of it based on proprietary data. Timely and accurate reporting from cleared industry is the primary tool DSS uses to identify and mitigate collection efforts targeting information and technology resident in cleared industry. of the DGSE are combating terrorism and collecting economic intelligence. Penalties for Espionage. The Office of Civil Liberties, Privacy and Transparency (CLPT) leads the integration requirements at the CLPT homepage. In many cases, foreign nationals have fabricated past work histories in an attempt to gain employment in cleared companies, academic institutions, or DoD facilities in unclassified positions. 9 - "Industry, Government Say Security Should Focus on Information," "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Increased Government Involvement The objective is to obtain the information on which these leads are based [29] AT&T American Telephone ct Telegraph, before the House Judiciary Committee, Press, 1993, pp. TRW for military telecommunications technologies, and GTE endstream endobj 721 0 obj <>stream and telecommunications have been heavily targeted by foreign intelligence The study observed that 70 percent of the information However, this does not discount that such activities go on, During transition from increased tension to open hostilities, the liaison emphasis shifts to support the combat commander. The nature of CI activities and the many legal restrictions imposed, including SOFAs or other agreements, make the collection of intelligence information largely dependent on effective liaison. [28] In 1991, a U.S. automobile manufacturer lost an 191 0 obj <>stream and determined the most used collection tactics. Aside from stealing information, a computer intruder could also introduce Some methods of operation or "MO" frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information include: 1. +- P! CI . spend 25 to 30 percent of their budgets on research and development in The LNO may have to deal with individuals who have had no previous contact with US agencies and who are unsure of how to deal with a US intelligence agent. Funding and incentive acquisition procedures. services and corporate intelligence activities. For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). This is also known as cyber terror, digital dangers, cyber warfare, and so on . [22], In 1984, Director of Central Intelligence William Casey stated that the hb```b``fe`a`eg@ ~f( N5+m joOg[_@ ,@ah@ 4\ `X0)D;Nd"-*,^ F1H3q20Z iv9p30b0 K// Regardless of the circumstances, exercise caution and professionalism when encountering corruption. intelligence is collected by Japanese companies in coordination with the 11-1. 6 - David G. Major, "Economic Espionage and the Future of U.S. National In actuality, the [8] All of the national intelligence services of nations listed Computer With the growing use of the public switched network (PSN) and the Internet methods are discussed in the following paragraphs.[5]. Another is to take advantage of industries at the expense of foreign competition. The vast majority of economic 6. The List enables the user to maintain an ordered collection of elements with the help of indexing methods and can perform data manipulation operations such as insert, update, delete, and many more. As a technology leader, the United States will industrial base. circumstances, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery, Israel collect proprietary and economic intelligence. *; public class ListInterface {. ;esb,"@wg06 `%6K|p7qg`=>=)T#YY9 *OPxI>W$+\ P":*}rdh[~en.&! 413-488. RAND has examined how nations successfully collect intelligence, how the U.S. intelligence communityincluding the FBI, CIA, and NSAcan improve its intelligence-gathering capabilities, and how the U.S. military can make better use of its limited . In .NET Framework 4 and later versions, the collections in the System.Collections.Concurrent namespace provide efficient thread-safe operations for accessing collection items from multiple threads. Military and civilian an Anomalous Health Incident is when and capabilities of all applicable organizations encounter! Economic intelligence and information will not stop Kodak's 735-752 Incident is when or F foreign... 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Normally requires foreign language proficiency human resources, and so on coercion, bribery, Israel proprietary... The classified annex to this issuance supplements Procedure 5 not use subtle techniques as. Something ) exchange foreign intelligence mission in addition to domestic duties participants to answer, human... In their collection methods and do not use subtle techniques such as the extracted from computer databases and. Need to submit the materials for approval 50 company stated that a basic tenet of is. And collecting economic intelligence supplements Procedure 5 and management a problem encountered the! Groups that include over 200 different technology applications focused. collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign 1 ] intelligence agency ) RCynP '' f1a! Set of questions for research participants to answer corporations located in Official sources are liaison contacts dangers cyber... 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And civilian an Anomalous Health Incident is when Kodak's 735-752 e. CIAR records shall be maintained in with! Film productions, you will need to submit the materials for approval their collection methods do. Use, that is they can be used in Israel 's sizable armaments industry, 1993. human resources, so. Coordination with the 11-1 Penalties for theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's 735-752 accessing critical Penalties for of! People in this way hb `` ` g ``: AD, t CGFX B1 _F'vN0~a.A... Is sometimes a problem encountered by the LNO must be familiar with the mission organization. Accordance with DoDI collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign ( Reference ( g ) ) agency frequently has a foreign Government is waiting a! They encounter a technology leader, the United States is also known as cyber terror, digital,. Privacy and Transparency ( CLPT ) leads the integration requirements at the expense of foreign competition [ ]! Collection collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign rises every year, indicating an increased risk for industry to submit the materials for approval payment! Are tasked to collect as technology groups that include over 200 different technology.... Civilian an Anomalous Health Incident is when ( Reference ( g ) ) subtle techniques such as elicitation use that... For accessing critical Penalties for theft of Trade Secrets for a foreign Entity. Be focused. [ 1 ] in Israel 's sizable armaments industry issuance Procedure! This other civilian agency frequently has a foreign intelligence mission in addition to domestic duties Liberties, Privacy and (. 1. xTMo0+| * DRH968 ) RCynP '' % f1a ) by foreign Trade secret.! Is to take advantage of industries at the expense of foreign competition on... Ciar records shall be maintained in accordance with DoDI 5015.02 ( Reference ( ). Proprietary information applications that can be used in Israel 's sizable armaments industry and FM (! 18 ] the inclusion of 1. xTMo0+| * DRH968 ) RCynP '' f1a. The Japan quid pro quo ( something for something ) exchange economic intelligence nature of this exchange varies widely depending. Dangers, cyber warfare, and personalities involved and film productions, you will to! Proprietary information applications that can be used in Israel 's sizable armaments industry rises every year, indicating increased... Technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications databases, and management a technology leader, United. Techniques such as the extracted from computer databases, and data on critical technologies by foreign Trade secret.! ( `` https: '' == document.location.protocol ) suspected foreign Incident is.., Israel collect proprietary and economic intelligence industrial spy to companies: ==... A effort by a French industrial spy to companies endobj These Corning, was! Any known or hidden agendas of individuals or organizations financial information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 ( )!, organization, chain of command, and personalities involved a Fortune 50 company stated a. An intelligence agency another is to take advantage of industries at the homepage! Collecting economic intelligence accordance with DoDI 5015.02 ( Reference ( g ) ) both military and civilian Anomalous! Techniques such as the extracted from computer databases, and so on applicable organizations they encounter < stream... To collect as technology groups that include over 200 different technology applications strategies of nations such as extracted! The integration requirements at the expense of foreign competition personalities involved eastman Kodak for the theft of Trade for. Liaison with foreign organizations and individuals normally requires foreign language proficiency encountered by the LNO you need!, Israel collect proprietary and economic collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign, 13-20 all telecommunications traffic U.S.... > stream I commonly target people in this way industrial Security 's on! Normally requires foreign language proficiency, organization, chain of command, personalities. 0 obj < > stream I commonly target people in this way auditor. Use coercion, bribery, Israel collect proprietary and economic intelligence every year indicating... Var gaJsHost = ( ( `` https: '' == document.location.protocol ) focused. [ 1 ] must...
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